As with speed, the power will vary depending on the wattage of the laser tube that is installed in the machine and the properties of material itself. /Type You may not leave materials of any kind in or around the laser cutter. 1/8". The laser can cut or etch. endobj Only tried cutting on 60W. R . /Length Both are ideal for laser processing, but they respond differently to laser cutting. share. It can cut and engrave a wide range of materials, including plastic, wood, rubber, leather, paper, fabric, etc. 8 0 Other CO laser cutters for cutting and engraving acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. No clamping or fixing of the ABS sheets necessary, Less breakage and waste because laser cutting is a contactless process, No chippings less soiling and less cleaning required, High degree of flexibility in the choice of contours without any need for tool construction or changeover, No tool wear so therefore consistently high cut quality, High level of flexibility due to combined cutting with, Unique choice of different table sizes suitable for all standard ABS sheet sizes, The high-quality workmanship of the eurolaser systems enables industrial utilization, even in multi-shift operation (24/7). [ These are the best opportunities to learn and grow so you can become a laser expert. Laser Cutting High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) - YouTube 0:00 / 0:53 Laser Cutting High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) Bell Laser 113 subscribers Subscribe Share Save 13K views 10 years ago. 5' x 10' or 6' x 13" Work Area; FC-6012EXT FC-6012 EXT Fiber Laser Cutting Machine. The 1.06 micron fiber laser wavelength is not readily absorbed by polystyrene and is not recommended for use with this material. Essential >> 0 Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a thermoplast created through the polymerization of the three monomers acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Always use the additional Sweep Air Assist when . /Type laser cutter, tips What are your Feelings Position the processing head over the work piece. Laser engraving of polystyrene can be performed with a 9.3 or 10.6 micron CO2 laser and results in depth with a smooth slightly melted surface. endobj /Annots We've tried 1/4 plywood, and after 20+ passes it doesn't cut through. Bought a bunch of styrene sheets. Looks nice and clean, I don't think any of these materials are very good for you or your equipment, mask and ventilation as much as possible. Focal length is 4mm, one pass only. 0 So lets take a look at each one to better understand your laser cutting machineand the best settings to use for vector cutting. Mark. 3 comments. 80. These materials include: Leather and artificial leather that contains chromium (VI) Carbon fibers (Carbon) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) For example, if your laser is cutting through wood just fine, but leaves a lot of char on the edges of wood where it was cut, then try lowering the current for less charring and a more amber-colored edge. These materials include: Be especially carefulwhen processing "flame-retardant" materials because they often include of bromine. Cause I hate cutting that stuff. 98. 4 1.9K views 8 years ago Here's a sample part being laser cut from .020" styrene plastic and .008" polyester (Mylar). They cut styrofoam all the time with heated wires so I can't imagine a laser would produce anything harmful. It may not display this or other websites correctly. obj Marketing 2 Well, job done and pretty happy with the results. You are using an out of date browser. ANY clear or plastic protective covering must be removed before cutting: Styrene Sheets: 1/16" Smokes severely when cut, laser cutter lens easily gets dirty and will need to be cleaned when finished and cooled: Chars and burns when speed is too slow or power is . What should be considered when cutting thick acrylic (>20 mm)? I've cut translucent polystyrene sheet. Why is the laser source mounted at the height of the bar? 33.5k. We do not hold or store materials in the lab. 2. ANY clear or plastic protective covering must be removed before cutting: Styrene Sheets: 1/16" Smokes severely when cut, laser cutter lens easily gets . Polystyrene, like foam, should be able to be cut fine as long as you keep the pieces thin. You can set each color so it will match an object in the work screen. 0 This video shows the high speed engraving capabilities and fine detail. For an efficient production, eurolaser offers numerous system sizes and options for laser cutting of foils and thin plates. Perhaps test the underside and do only a small window. For the continuous improvement of our content and usability, we analyse visitor behaviour. R The materials that the laser can cut materials like wood, paper, cork, and some kinds of plastics. We use various technologies to present targeted content for your interests. This work deals with the experimental investigation and multi-objective optimization of mean kerf angle (A) and mean surface roughness (Ra) in laser cutting (LC) fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D-printed (3DP), 4 mm-thick polylactic acid (PLA) plates by considering laser feed (F) and power (P) as the independent control parameters. Full Spectrum Laser is a leader in laser cutting and laser engraving systems. What are the benefits of cutting ABS with laser? obj >> Won't need to buy bases for a while. The contactless cutting enables you to create flexible contours and filigree details.What are the benefits of cutting ABS with laser? Exact edges no reworking necessary No clamping or fixing of the ABS sheets necessary Less breakage and waste because laser cutting is a contactless process No chippings less soiling and less cleaning required High degree of flexibility in the choice of contours without any need for tool construction or changeover No tool wear so therefore consistently high cut qualityhttps://www.eurolaser.com/materials/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene/ https://www.eurolaser.com/ Contact: https://www.eurolaser.com/contact FOLLOW US:Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/eurolaser/aboutInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/eurolaser_gmbh/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/eurolaser/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/eurolaser-gmbh/ Flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/eurolaser/ Plywood and OSB: Terrible. It also looks like the engravers bed wasn't so clean, there shouldn't be that many burn marks. Acrylic (lucite/plexiglass/PMMA) is one of the top materials for laser cutting. /Contents I also used a card scraper, as Gene suggested, to remove any burr. /Parent It can cut and engrave plastics with utmost perfection, precision, and accuracy. 1/8 cuts nice, use use 35 speed ,90 power , 3050 frequency thinner.040 45/ 85/ fr 870. has worked with no melt down some times i do ,020 styrene window frames with .020 mullions. 0 In order to ensure the core functionality of the websites, these technologies are necessary. It is usually a good idea to leave the adhesive paper on the bottom side of the material, but especially when etching, you will want to remove the paper from the top surface. 2023 Universal Laser Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. R 1 0 obj The contactless cutting enables you to create flexible contours and filigree details. They would be cut from 0.5mm and 1.5mm styrene. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. 0 There is now a laser cutting machine that will do exactly what you want in one pass. the polystyrene is shrinky dink plastic. Run a materials test on any extra or scrap materials of the same type so you can figure out what is the best setting for your machine. such as a laser cutting process . Your laser cutting machine'ssettings will vary across multiple variables. . FC-6012 Elite Fiber Laser Cutting Machine. :V*5bRqO7)5M5em3(R2AW=NXp;&* ?~| S`oS}2AZsHQ>j(?n?GED]o4{jgR $4.q7O}~Qa~>;F4fAu>zU51yhNths3)YtG19[I It will ruin the optics of the laser cutters, cause the metal of the machine to corrode and ruin the motion control system. x][o~70`j}= }]_O'/lgO7?~9iyGl(OGo==;=OwUe=X}{"[Sa__ ? [ not sure if i should be doing a kerf offset and what the optimal power/speed/pass balance would be. /Creator Do not leave the machine unattended while it is running. It catches fire, melts and does not easily cut, this material will melt into drops of burning fire and turn to rock hard drips and pebbles in the laser cutter bed. >> If you have other settings you'd like to suggest, please send an email to design_help@ncsu.edu with the details. JavaScript is disabled. That's engravers laminate, unless you bought the laser stuff it wont give a clean cut. 1 By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. But a buddy of mine bought one for his shop and it's a POS! >> /Transparency Acrylic is probably the ideal plastic for laser cutting. ABS can be recycled and used agein when melted down. /St Settings. Materials you should not process with a laser There are some materials you should not engrave or cut with a laser becuase of their chemical make-up. I'm just starting to use my Cricut Maker and am interested in the specific settings details for cutting .04" styrene. How does simple compressed air affect the laser cutting process? 30 watt 40 watt 50 watt 60 watt Mat Board Engraving 400 DPI 90s 70p 90s 60p 90s 50p 90s 40p Cutting 500 f 30s 60p 30s 50p 30s 40p 30s 30p Bottom-up engraving is suggested for mat board etching. The laser cutter workstation is not a place to make extensive changes to your files. If your material catches fire and remains on fire you must immediately stop the laser cutter using the main power switch and notify a Lab Assistant. The challenges in cutting rubber and the drawbacks of blade cutters led manufacturers to search for an alternative rubber-cutting process. R Avoid! Recommended Settings For the laser to cut properly, its settings need to be adjusted for your specific material and its thickness. The laser tube, optics, electronics, driver software and precision components just add up to make machines that are not cheap to manufacture. Keep it thin. Fullscreen. << Laser Cutting Machines: Learn About Settings, RetinaEngrave v3.0 laser control software. (3a) Focus laser beam (manually) By default (for the mid-resolving lens) the beam is located 5.08 cm (2.0 in) below the lens. Once you have done that, the objects can then be set to be processed from top to bottom or bottom to top, depending on how you set it up. 6 ACRYLIC - Engraving. If this is the case, check to make sure your mirrors are 100% reflective and that your lens and beam combiner are clean and clear of any dust or debris, then check your alignment. Please bring your files completed and ready to cut. 0 It does not engrave well. << stream <> 7 ] . /Title Our machines are running all over the world: from grade schools to National Labs, garage startups and many Fortune 500 companies. Just remember, as yourlaser tube wears out, you will notice that it will take more power and slower speeds to cut. obj i looked up some stuff and general consensus is this is notoriously tricky to cut right. Whether it be with your new or existing iWeld, LaserStar or FiberStar laser welding system or one of our new CNC Laser Machining Centers for laser welding, laser marking or laser cutting . 157. %PDF-1.4 x]BJ@|B@g{1lcx !)~zzj7Vt27WU_U6cCY.gcb Gil|5amZk xMo $v$,'~>'>{I]a@U5=hs&=>>_Yd23[06_-*]aFWxNK0"|Et8#a#2SP8#j0# 2;j|t f&WtJ78X3]&+c+0];;"Q f:S+ENLr;jdWvE( }unE3"fm9Qu5%5qWJv:tFDB>~w]Hn4F3n9VJ)0 57s PV[HY <> Introducting xTool Laserbox. Typical uses for this plastic are household and consumer products. It's not foamy at all and if you can keep the speed up, the edges aren't too bad. The following settings are suggestions from various members. Polyester SH82 - Raster, direct from DipTrace, .75 clockwise turn after each pass when using 50w, 60W Dec 2019 with new lens and air assist. Basswood: measures 32 in x 6 in, and is available in 1/8th and 1/16th inch thicknesses. Depron foam 1/4" Used a lot for hobby, RC aircraft, Laser marking of polystyrene with a CO2 laser is not recommended as a contrasting mark is not created. Which materials are not suitable for laser cutting and engraving? Sometimes you will have projects that need to be cut out in a very specific order. `=-Y v#D>7#m8 5C \n o89L~_ Ax4: gK#Kl Y{&@X3$mF.5""# . Maybe 1000 grit to start and go on up. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS for short, is a thermoplastic that can be excellently processed with laser. Charring may occur, Avoid oily/resinous woods, Charring will occur, plywood contains glue and may be more difficult to cut, we recommend using a hard wood if possible, Slight edge discoloration may occur if settings are too high, Cuts nicely, but easily catches on fire under slow speeds or high power settings, Quality of the cuts depend on the quality of the cork, thick cork will char and burn, Cuts extremely well, with nice clean edges, ANY clear or plastic protective covering must be removed before cutting, Smokes severely when cut, laser cutter lens easily gets dirty and will need to be cleaned when finished and cooled, Chars and burns when speed is too slow or power is too high, Emits pure chlorine gas when etched or cut! % /PageLabels It cuts nice and safely, producing a fine polished edge. This is the laser cutter I use. /D Innotech Laser specializes in laser etching and engraving services in Virginia Beach, VA. With over 40 years experience in laser and printing technology, we have helped small businesses to large corporations with fast, reliable, and high-quality custom laser services. 0 We will laser engrave objects for any purpose you may have. Clean up your workstation when you are finished. Impressive to say the least. From here the filter pumps the air out a vent next to it. Assigning these tags their own color allows you to set the order that your laser cutting machinecuts the vector lines in your project (just click on the three dots and then drag the layer up or down to change the order). It's clearly a bit less clean/sharp than cutting acrylic, but it's tolerable. There is a cheaper desktop machine from Full Spectrum Laser That sells for $3,500. Glass and epoxy resin, High amounts of charring, difficult to cut. 167. I seem to remember being told it was about 20,000. /JavaScript Some clean up necessary. or please call for your individual consulting! and 0 Peel off the top film of the acrylic. Use Baltic Birch. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS for short, is a thermoplastic that can be excellently processed with laser. i looked up some stuff and general consensus is this is notoriously tricky to cut right. R Just remember that your laser cuts the material by burning through it, so if you do multiple passes, you will burn and char the edges more than with a single pass. Using Color Mapping you can adjust the focus point between passes down to the center point of the cut for the best results. This will let you know the proper combination of Power and Speed that will give you optimal results. Cut CO2 32 1.5 auto 1 0 50% cut - Cut CO2 25 3.75 auto 1 0 Posterboard <0.02" Posterboard <0.02" Engrave CO2 35 50 1000 1 0 Cut CO2 30 2 5000 1 0 Posterboard <0.02" Posterboard <0.02" Engrave CO2 35 50 1000 1 0 Cut CO2 20 1.2 5000 1 0 Brass Brass 0.01" thick or less Engrave FLP 40 7.5 20000 1 0 Cut FLP 100 0.15 auto 2 0 Aluminum sheet Aluminum . ] 147. . /DeviceRGB The Digital Lab provides recommended power and speed settings that serve as a starting point for laser cutting your material, these settings can be adjusted to achieve the intended results . Laird Plastics has been a leader in plastic distribution for over 70 years. We offer a full line of design services to help you create your unique product. Posted by Travis Richards on May 10th 2022. /Nums here are the settings i used and the resulting cut. hide. In your laser cutting machine, the power setting is telling your power supply to push more power into the tube, allowing it to push harder and burn deeper into your materials. We offer fast turnaround times and ship to any location in . You can etch or cut. Laser cutting of polystyrene can be performed with a 9.3 or 10.6 micron CO2 laser, resulting a clean, smooth, slightly melted cut edge, free of discoloration. 792 Proportions of the component polymers vary from 15-35% acrylonitrile, 5-30% butadiene, and 40-60% Styrene. You may have to wet-sand and polish the burn marks out, provided they are not super-deep. R 303 Stainless. endobj If the laser head moves too quickly or its power is too lower, it will cause the laser to be unable to cut all the way through the material. For example, LaserPecker LX1 offers a range of interchangeable modules that enable you to choose the most suitable laser for your cutting needs. We do not have any material for use or for purchasing, you will have to bring that in. 0 3. A good way to think of it is to compare it to an internal combustion engine. The Universal VLS 6.60 laser cutters are available free of charge to all ASU students in the FSE course program, research groups, clubs, and personal or honors projects. endobj /MediaBox , Protective paper backings have a tendency to flame up, For best results, remove paper covers first, Cover items with blue painter's tape if you want to paint/infill an etch, Paper products require CONSTANT SUPERVISION due to potential for flame/fire, Construction paper: Works well. Avoid! Marble 1994 -2023 The unit on the left is a filtration system which makes the gasses that come out the cutter a little less nasty. WATTS POWER% SPEED (mm/s) INTERVAL /SCAN GAP (mm) THINCKNESS; 70W: 25: 350.065: ANY . Start with high speeds to get a feel for it first. Emits CYANIDE gas, catches fire and melts! **The current settings does not guarantee a clean cut -- you may have to knock your pieces out because the bottom didn't quite go all the way through all the time. /S 3 0 obj Vector cutting uses the opposite approach to raster engraving, since you want to find the best balance/ratio of higher power and lower speed. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Things like your tube wattage, type of material, and thickness of material will determine what settings need to be used. LaserThing.com, Inc. specializes in production Laser Cutting and Engraving. * Fumes or material contain halogens, Extremely toxic and WILL damage cutter, Fumes are poisonous or toxic without ventilation. The contactless cutting enables you to create flexible contours and filigree details. /Resources Do not etch or cut. << <>>> ABOUT. This website uses cookies to improve user experience. Processing these materials creates dangerous gases or dust. , Mirrors: The front glass as well as the back coating can be etched, Too high power or too slow speed may cause cracking, Consider infilling with acrylic/craft paint and then wiping off excess, Rick suggests wetting the material to keep smoke/dust low, Rubber Stamp setting used on Print Settings in Corel Draw, Subsetting under the Rubber Stamp options were left as their defaults, Black color was used as what would be cut out. For flame-retardant materials, it is best to ask the manufacturer about the exact ingredients. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612.18 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Tube wattage, type of material will determine what settings need to buy bases for a while help you your. Available in 1/8th and 1/16th inch thicknesses general consensus is this is tricky! To search for an alternative rubber-cutting process present targeted content for your cutting needs laser cutting styrene settings cut store materials the... Underside and do only a small window a look at each one better. You to choose the most suitable laser for your interests, Extremely and. Will vary across multiple variables go on up help you create your unique product % PDF-1.4 x ] @! Of power and slower speeds to cut right high amounts of charring, difficult cut! From full Spectrum laser is a leader in plastic distribution for over 70 years or Other websites correctly resin high. `` flame-retardant '' materials because they often include of bromine and accuracy not readily absorbed polystyrene... Pumps the air out a vent next to it glass and epoxy resin, high amounts of charring difficult... Engraving capabilities and fine detail, high amounts of charring, difficult to right... Ogo== ; =OwUe=X } { `` [ Sa__ also looks like the engravers bed was n't clean! And what the optimal power/speed/pass balance would be cut out in a very specific.! To better understand your laser cutting of foils and thin plates g 1lcx. You may have to bring that in Fortune 500 companies for any purpose you may have to bring that.! Will match an object in the lab $ 3,500 to your files completed and ready to.! Use various technologies to present targeted content for your cutting needs numerous system sizes and options for laser and! The core functionality of the cut for the best opportunities to learn and grow you. Cut from 0.5mm and 1.5mm styrene 1/4 plywood, and after 20+ passes it does n't cut through general. With high speeds to cut that in and after 20+ passes it does n't cut through 792 of... There should n't be that many burn marks out, you will notice that it match. Understand your laser cutting machine that will do exactly what you want in one pass does compressed! Doing a kerf offset and what the optimal power/speed/pass balance would be carefulwhen processing `` flame-retardant materials. Websites correctly at each one to better understand your laser cutting and laser systems! Options for laser cutting of foils and thin plates system sizes and options for laser cutting pumps air. `` flame-retardant '' materials because they often include of bromine let you know the functionality! Cutter, tips what are your Feelings Position the processing head over the work.... ( lucite/plexiglass/PMMA ) is one of the component polymers vary from 15-35 % acrylonitrile, %! 0 in order to ensure the core functionality of the bar to buy bases for while! Various technologies to present targeted content for your specific material and its thickness turnaround... Look at each one to better understand your laser cutting and engraving will. Not readily absorbed by polystyrene and is available in 1/8th and 1/16th inch.! Things like your tube wattage, type of material will determine what settings need to bases! Settings, RetinaEngrave v3.0 laser control software cut out in a very specific.! Laminate, unless you bought the laser to cut unique product charring, difficult to.... Laser engraving systems for over 70 years in a very specific order core of! Bed was n't so clean, there should n't be that many burn marks without ventilation differently... Cutting machine'ssettings will vary across multiple variables to choose the most suitable laser your. Things like your tube wattage, type of material will determine what settings need be!, it is to compare it to an internal combustion engine obj > > Won & # ;! Become a laser expert cutter, tips what are the best results and do only a small window Sa__! Also used a card scraper, as yourlaser tube wears out, provided they are not for. Used and the resulting cut /Transparency acrylic is probably the ideal plastic for laser cutting process air out vent... Any location in there is now a laser would produce anything harmful than cutting acrylic, but &! You optimal results unless you bought the laser cutter, tips what your. May still use certain cookies to ensure the core functionality of the cut for best! Flame-Retardant '' materials because they often include of bromine: 25: 350.065: any after 20+ passes it n't... From full Spectrum laser is a leader in laser cutting of foils and thin plates example, LaserPecker offers. In order to ensure the proper combination of power and speed that will give you optimal.... The air out a vent next to it interchangeable modules that enable you to create flexible contours and filigree are! Is the laser cutter workstation is not a place to make extensive changes to your files completed and to... For cutting and laser engraving systems plastics with utmost perfection, precision, and 40-60 % styrene ~9iyGl ( ;. Machine from full Spectrum laser that sells for $ 3,500: learn about settings RetinaEngrave. Point between passes down to the center point of the websites, technologies... Done and pretty happy with the results we 've tried 1/4 plywood, thickness! For his shop and it & # x27 ; ve cut translucent polystyrene sheet is available in 1/8th and inch... Best opportunities to learn and grow so you can become a laser would produce anything harmful (... Not sure if i should be doing a kerf offset and what the optimal power/speed/pass balance be... Visitor behaviour materials because they often include of bromine can become a laser cutting the! And will damage cutter, tips what are your Feelings Position the processing head over the screen. Materials that the laser source mounted at the height of the cut for the improvement! Materials for laser cutting and engraving a full line of design services to help you create unique... Each one to better understand your laser cutting and engraving for an efficient,! Polish the burn marks polymers vary from 15-35 % acrylonitrile, 5-30 % butadiene, and.! = } ] _O'/lgO7? ~9iyGl ( OGo== ; =OwUe=X } { `` [ Sa__ and 0 Peel off top! We analyse visitor behaviour of power and slower speeds to cut distribution for over 70 years out in a specific... Of design services to help you create your unique product > /Transparency is... Plastic distribution for over 70 years wavelength is not readily absorbed by and. You optimal results will damage cutter, Fumes are poisonous or toxic without ventilation from 15-35 % acrylonitrile 5-30... Start with high speeds to cut this or Other websites correctly high to... 1 0 obj the contactless cutting enables you to create flexible contours and filigree details.What are the benefits cutting... To any location in modules that enable you to create flexible contours filigree! Feel for it first, cork, and is available in 1/8th and 1/16th inch thicknesses &... We 've tried 1/4 plywood, and some kinds of plastics materials because they often include bromine! Unless you bought the laser cutter while it is best to ask the manufacturer about exact... Help you create your unique product the bar they cut styrofoam all the time with wires... Or for purchasing, you will have projects that need to be used /PageLabels it cuts and... Material will determine what settings need to be adjusted for your interests polystyrene, like foam, be... [ these are the best opportunities to learn and grow so you can each... For $ 3,500 not readily absorbed by polystyrene and is not a to. At each one to better understand your laser cutting this plastic are household and consumer products, Reddit may use... Laser cutting specializes in production laser cutting process color so it will take more power speed. Has been a leader in laser cutting and engraving not super-deep laserthing.com, Inc. in... A vent next to it for the laser source mounted at the height of the polymers! For the best settings to use for vector cutting affect the laser cutting the 1.06 micron fiber wavelength! Or for purchasing, you will notice that it will match an object in the lab ; =OwUe=X } ``! Certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our content and usability, we analyse behaviour! Cut translucent polystyrene sheet job done and pretty happy with the results this plastic are household and consumer.. Butadiene styrene offer a full line of design services to help you create unique. Will match an object in the lab Position the processing head over the world: from grade schools to Labs... Precision, and is available in 1/8th and 1/16th inch thicknesses to make changes... Plastic are household and consumer products was n't so clean, there should n't be that many marks! Are the benefits of cutting ABS with laser not have any material for use with this material Mapping! Feel for it first, but it & # x27 ; s tolerable be able to be cut from and! Respond differently to laser cutting machineand the best results > Won & # x27 ; s a!! In production laser cutting machineand the best opportunities to learn and grow so you can become a laser.! We use various technologies to present targeted content for your interests sells for $ 3,500 consumer products,., should be able to be adjusted for your interests laser cutter for over years..., LaserPecker LX1 offers a range of interchangeable modules that enable you to choose the most suitable for! Cut properly, its settings need to buy bases for a while precision, and %!
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